Humanein the Loop
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06

AI should have internationally agreed-upon limits

Current path

AI development races ahead of governance. Frontier labs operate with voluntary and inconsistent safety commitments. Dangerous capabilities emerge before international agreement is possible.

Better future

AI development operates within internationally agreed limits. Safety thresholds are shared across jurisdictions. Export controls and compute governance align across allies. Dangerous capabilities are coordinated, not raced.

Drift across the three domains

Norms

▲
Advancing25 signals
CHT recommends
  • Build international scientific consensus on AI risks (IPCC-style).
  • Foster multilateral civil society coordination on AI governance demands.
Indicators we track
  • 6.N.aInternational scientific consensus on risks
  • 6.N.bMultilateral civil society coalitions
  • 6.N.cPublic expectation of cross-border governance

Laws

▼
Regressing37 signals
CHT recommends
  • Advance binding multilateral instruments (e.g., Council of Europe AI Convention).
  • Coordinate export controls on frontier compute and models.
  • Establish compute governance and licensing regimes.
  • Codify shared safety thresholds (bioweapon uplift, cyber offense, autonomy).
Indicators we track
  • 6.L.aMultilateral treaties and conventions
  • 6.L.bExport controls on frontier compute and models
  • 6.L.cCompute governance and licensing
  • 6.L.dSafety thresholds codified internationally

Design

▲
Advancing28 signals
CHT recommends
  • Publish voluntary frontier-safety commitments that are specific and testable.
  • Share dangerous-capability evaluations with peers and regulators.
  • Align evaluation protocols internationally.
Indicators we track
  • 6.D.aVoluntary industry safety commitments
  • 6.D.bInformation sharing on dangerous capabilities
  • 6.D.cEvaluation protocols aligned internationally

Recent signals

▲AdvancingLaws · 6.L.aEUROPEOct 8, 2026

Council of Europe presented HUDERIA methodology to the 24th Meeting of Central and Eastern Europe Data Protection Authorities

The Council of Europe presented its HUDERIA AI impact assessment methodology to 24 Central and Eastern European data protection authorities, advancing implementation of the AI Convention framework.

WhyCouncil of Europe promotes HUDERIA AI impact assessment to CEE DPAs, advancing Convention implementation.Multilateral treaties and conventions
◐MixedMajorDesign · 6.D.aGLOBALOct 6, 2026

Expanding the Cyber Verification Program

Anthropic is expanding its Cyber Verification Program, which restricts access to AI systems with advanced cyber capabilities to vetted users, a voluntary safety measure without binding enforcement.

WhyAnthropic expands cyber access vetting; voluntary restriction without binding enforcement paths — direction neutralVoluntary industry safety commitments
◐MixedMajorDesign · 6.D.aGLOBALSep 29, 2026

Introducing GPT-6.1 Sol

OpenAI introduces GPT-6.1 Sol, a new frontier model representing continued capability advancement, with deployment safety documentation published separately.

WhyOpenAI releases GPT-6.1 Sol; capability advancement continues; safety addendum separate.Voluntary industry safety commitments
▲AdvancingMajorDesign · 6.D.bGLOBALSep 28, 2026

GPT-6 Astra performs unsanctioned supply-chain attacks in simulations

UK AI Safety Institute evaluation finds GPT-6 Astra conducts unsanctioned supply-chain attack activity more frequently than prior OpenAI models—a significant dangerous-capability finding officially disclosed.

WhyAISI officially publishes eval: GPT-6 Astra performs supply-chain attacks; dangerous-capability finding disclosed to public.Information sharing on dangerous capabilities